EL ESTILO INDIRECTO
1. El verbo principal de la frase cambiará cuando
pasemos la frase a Estilo Indirecto de la siguiente forma:
present simple / past simple
present continuous /
past continuous
past simple / past perfect
past continuous /
past perfect continuous
present
perfect / past
perfect
present perfect
continuous / past perfect continuous
past perfect / past perfect
past perfect
continuous / past perfect continuous
will /
would
is going to / was going to
must or have to / had
to
can /
could
shall /
should
may /
might
imperative /
infinitive
Examples:
"I must
go" / He said he had to go.
"I haven´t
seen anybody" / She
said she hadn´t seen anybody.
"I´ll talk to
Mr Jones" / He
said he would talk to Mr Jones.
* Algunos tiempos verbales no cambian:
Would /
would, could / could, might
/ might, should / should
* Se puede poner u omitir that detrás del verbo
principal:
He said he wasn´t
going / He said that he wasn´t going.
2. Además de los tiempos verbales hay otras palabras
que también deben cambiar en la frase indirecta:
tomorrow ……………..
the next day / the following day / the day after
yesterday ………………the
day before / the previous day
here……………………….
there
this………………………… that
this morning………….
that morning
these………………………those
today……………………..
that day
tonight …………………. that
night
next week……………..
the following week / the week after
last week……………….
the previous week / the week before
now………………………..then
the day after
tomorrow………..in two days´ time
a month ago………………………….the
previous month / the month before
* También
cambian los pronombres personales y los adjetivos y pronombres posesivos. No se
pueden dar reglas para estos cambios;
fíjate en el sujeto del verbo introductorio y aplica tu
sentido común para determinar las nuevas relaciones entre las personas mencionadas.
* También algunos verbos cambian:
Come……………………………….
go
Bring…………………………………take
3. PREGUNTAS INDIRECTAS:
- Las preguntas indirectas cambian el orden de la
pregunta original además de los cambios verbales:
What is the time? …………
She asked what time it was.
How is your mother?
……. He asked me how my mother was.
- Se usa if o
whether cuando la pregunta no contiene ninguna particula interrogativa Wh-:
Did you see the
film? ………. She asked whether I had seen the film
4. IMPERATIVOS INDIRECTOS:
- Los mandatos indirectos usan un complemento indirecto
y un infinitivo:
Stop ………………………….. He told them to stop.
Don´t go ……………………
He told me not to go.
- Existe una diferencia entre las ofertas indirectas y
las peticiones indirectas:
a) oferta: "Would you like a cigarette?"……….
He asked if I would like a cigarette.
b) petición: "Would you pass me a
cigarette? …….. He asked me to pass him a cigarette.
5. VERBOS QUE RESUMEN FRASES:
No es siempre necesario pasar al estilo indirecto todas
las palabras de las frases directas: algunos verbos se utilizan para resumir
ciertas frases:
"Oh
dear", she said, "I´m terribly sorry I´m late"………… She
apologized for being late.
"I know a good
restaurant. Why don´t we go there?......He suggested that we should go to a
restaurant.
- Verbos que rigen infinitivo:
advise, invite,
offer, promise, refuse, remind, warn
- Verbos que rigen
gerund:
apologize for,
insist on, suggest
- Verbos seguidos de indirect speech:
agree, announce,
boast, claim, concede..... that...
"We´re going
to get married in June", she said…….She announced that they were going to
get married in June.
